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Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soil provides guidance on how to integrate bioavailability information into the human health risk assessment to improve the decision-making process.

The Biofuels document addresses the causes and prevention of post-manufacture biofuel releases, impacts to environmental media, characterization methods, remedial responses, and stakeholder concerns.

The In Situ Bioremediation (ISB) documents address the systematic characterization, evaluation, and appropriate design and testing of ISB for biotreatable contaminants.

The Bioremediation of DNAPLs (BioDNAPLs) documents address the selection and design of in situ bioremediation (ISB) systems for chlorinated ethene DNAPL source zones, as well as technical and related regulatory considerations.

The Enhanced Attenuation: Chlorinated Organics (EA) document provides direction to regulators and practitioners on integrating EA into remedial decision making for a smooth transition between aggressive remediation and monitored natural attenuation.

The Enhanced In Situ Biodenitrification (EISBD) document addresses nitrate-contaminated groundwater, associated with environmental and health problems and an emerging technology for remediating and protecting public and domestic supply wells.

The Natural Attenuation documents provide a framework for thinking about natural attenuation based on science, focusing on the basic information needed to determine and document the conditions necessary for natural processes to be an effective part of remediating contaminants in groundwater.

The Brownfields documents provide overviews of vapor intrusion issues; incentives and tools used to accelerate the cleanup and reuse of Brownfield and BRAC sites; and the various available systems and programs that track, monitor, and/or inform about land use controls.

The Policy documents address activities, including performance-based contracting, that could encourage development and deployment of innovative technologies and enhancements to voluntary cleanup/Brownfields programs.

The Dense, Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (DNAPLs) documents provide guidance on characterizing, remediating, and monitoring DNAPL source zones.

The Bioremediation of DNAPLs (BioDNAPLs) documents address the selection and design of in situ bioremediation (ISB) systems for chlorinated ethene DNAPL source zones, as well as technical and related regulatory considerations.

Understanding the complexity of subsurface geologic conditions is paramount in improving DNAPL site characterization. This guidance document reviews the current knowledge of DNAPLs and their subsurface contaminant behavior. Using an integrated site characterization (ISC) approach, under which data of adequate resolution are collected to fully characterize a site, this new guidance describes how data can be aligned on contaminant distribution with site geologic heterogeneity and groundwater flow conditions at a spatial resolution appropriate to the site-specific remedial objectives. Thus, with the current understanding of subsurface contaminant behavior, both existing and new tools and techniques can be used to measure physical, chemical, and hydrologic subsurface parameters to better characterize the subsurface.

The Integrated DNAPL Site Strategy document provides a collaborative process for developing an effective and integrated strategy to manage remediation of sites contaminated with chlorinated solvents.

The Mass Flux document summarizes the concepts underlying mass flux and discharge, their potential applications, and case studies of the uses of these metrics.

The Direct-Push Wells document provides guidance concerning the use of direct-push wells for long-term environmental monitoring.

The Ecological Land Reuse documents promote ecological land reuse as an integrated part of site remediation strategies and as an alternative to conventional property development or redevelopment.

The Enhanced Attenuation: Chlorinated Organics (EA) document provides direction to regulators and practitioners on integrating EA into remedial decision making for a smooth transition between aggressive remediation and monitored natural attenuation.

The Environmental Molecular Diagnostics (EMDs) documents provide information about a selection of EMDs. EMDs provide additional lines of evidence for decision making during contaminated site management.

Contaminated fractured rock sites have often been considered too complex to be remediated, so site managers often default to simply containing the contamination. With the new strategies and technologies presented here, fractured bedrock challenges that may have prevented site remediation in the past are now surmountable.

The Geospatial Analysis for Optimization at Environmental Sites document provides information about using geospatial methods in all project life cycle stages: release detection, site characterization, remediation, monitoring and closure. The document provides a needed resource to state regulators, practitioners and stakeholders about using geospatial analysis to support decisions on optimization.

The Green and Sustainable Remediation documents help educate and inform state regulators and other stakeholders in the concepts and challenges of green and sustainable remediation.

The Geospatial Analysis for Optimization at Environmental Sites document provides information about using geospatial methods in all project life cycle stages: release detection, site characterization, remediation, monitoring and closure. The document provides a needed resource to state regulators, practitioners and stakeholders about using geospatial analysis to support decisions on optimization.

The Groundwater Statistics and Monitoring Compliance document provides information about using groundwater statistical methods and tools in all project life cycle stages: release detection, site characterization, remediation, monitoring and closure. The document is designed for project managers to help them make better project decisions.

The Incremental Sampling Methodology (ISM) web-based document describes the principles and the approaches needed to ensure representative, reproducible, and defensible data during soil sampling. ISM involves planning, sample collection, and laboratory processing and analysis to provide a representative sample with results that more accurately reflect the mean concentration of the area of interest than discrete samples. The ISM document provides you the key principles regarding sampling and sampling error and how ISM reduces those errors so that you can have more confidence in your sampling results.

The In Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO) documents address the technical and regulatory requirements for in situ chemical oxidation, including a discussion of chemical oxidants and the key concepts of remediation design.

At many sites of environmental contamination, even with active remediation, Institutional Controls (ICs) are used with the intention to minimize the potential for human health exposures to hazardous substances or protect the integrity of a remedy by limiting land or resource use (controlling how the property is used).  Since more sites and more contaminants are being managed through the use of ICs ITRC has developed a guidance on the Long Term Management of Contaminant Using Institutional Controls.

The Alternative Landfill Technologies documents address design, evaluation, construction, and post-closure care associated with alternative final covers.

The LNAPLs (Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids) documents help users identify appropriate LNAPL remedial goals through the development of a site-specific LNAPL conceptual site model (LCSM), provides tools to select LNAPL remedial technologies that will best achieve the LNAPL remedial goals, and provides a framework to evaluate the implemented technologies progress toward a technology specific endpoint.

The Biofuels document addresses the causes and prevention of post-manufacture biofuel releases, impacts to environmental media, characterization methods, remedial responses, and stakeholder concerns.

The Mass Flux document summarizes the concepts underlying mass flux and discharge, their potential applications, and case studies of the uses of these metrics.

Petroleum vapor intrusion (PVI) is a subset of vapor intrusion (VI) and is the process by which volatile petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) released as vapors from light nonaqueous phase liquids (LNAPL), petroleum-contaminated soils, or petroleum-contaminated groundwater migrate through the vadose zone and into overlying buildings. Fortunately, in the case of PHC vapors, this migration is often limited by microorganisms that are normally present in soil. The organisms consume these chemicals, reducing them to nontoxic end products through the process of biodegradation. The extent and rate to which this natural biodegradation process occurs is strongly influenced by the concentration of the vapor source, the distance the vapors must travel through soil from the source to potential receptors, and the presence of oxygen (O2) in the subsurface environment between the source and potential receptors.

The Mass Flux document summarizes the concepts underlying mass flux and discharge, their potential applications, and case studies of the uses of these metrics.

The Attenuation Processes for Metals and Radionuclides document facilitates implementation of the new EPA guidance for monitored natural attenuation (MNA) of metals and radionuclides with a framework providing a consistent basis for states, stakeholders, federal agencies, and site owners to evaluate and implement attenuation-based remedies.

The Metals in Soils documents address soil washing and the emerging technologies of phytoremediation, electrokinetics, and in situ stabilization and inactivation.

The Mining Waste web-based document identifies and evaluates emerging and innovative technologies that can cost-effectively and successfully be used to characterize, remove, treat, reuse, or stabilize mining, milling, processing, and smelting wastes and mining-impacted water. The document also addresses state or federal regulatory obstacles to deployment of conventional or innovative environmental technologies at mine-impacted properties and approaches and/or solutions to overcome regulatory barriers.

The Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) documents provide a comprehensive resource for design and implementation of PRBs. A PRB is an in situ permeable treatment zone designed to intercept and remediate a contaminant groundwater plume. The newest technology update document incorporates elements from previous documents and provides updates on additional types of reactive media, treatable contaminants, longevity issues, and new construction/installation approaches and technologies.

The Radionuclides documents address characterizing radioactively contaminated sites, cleanup goals, decontamination and decommissioning, and long-term stewardship.

The Small Arms Firing Range documents address strategies for removing the threat that metal contamination presents at closed small arms firing ranges and developing, using, and monitoring environmental management plans at active ranges.

Provides a framework for assessing the performance of new or innovative methane detection technologies and discusses regulatory barriers and opportunities for the use and adoption of such technologies.

The Mining Waste web-based document identifies and evaluates emerging and innovative technologies that can cost-effectively and successfully be used to characterize, remove, treat, reuse, or stabilize mining, milling, processing, and smelting wastes and mining-impacted water. The document also addresses state or federal regulatory obstacles to deployment of conventional or innovative environmental technologies at mine-impacted properties and approaches and/or solutions to overcome regulatory barriers.

BCRs are engineered treatment systems that use an organic substrate to drive microbial and chemical reactions to reduce concentrations of metals, acidity, and sulfate in MIWs. While this chemistry is fairly well understood, much has been learned over the last 20 years on how to improve the effectiveness, maintain hydraulic permeability, and ensure longevity of the systems.

The MTBE and Other Fuel Oxygenates document addresses established and emerging technologies for remediating groundwater containing methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA).

The Small Arms Firing Range documents address strategies for removing the threat that metal contamination presents at closed small arms firing ranges and developing, using, and monitoring environmental management plans at active ranges.

The Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) documents address innovative UXO characterization and geophysical prove-out technologies, as well as methods and management of munitions response projects.

The Natural Attenuation documents provide a framework for thinking about natural attenuation based on science, focusing on the basic information needed to determine and document the conditions necessary for natural processes to be an effective part of remediating contaminants in groundwater.

The Attenuation Processes for Metals and Radionuclides document facilitates implementation of the new EPA guidance for monitored natural attenuation (MNA) of metals and radionuclides with a framework providing a consistent basis for states, stakeholders, federal agencies, and site owners to evaluate and implement attenuation-based remedies.

The Bioremediation of DNAPLs (BioDNAPLs) documents address the selection and design of in situ bioremediation (ISB) systems for chlorinated ethene DNAPL source zones, as well as technical and related regulatory considerations.

The Enhanced Attenuation: Chlorinated Organics (EA) document provides direction to regulators and practitioners on integrating EA into remedial decision making for a smooth transition between aggressive remediation and monitored natural attenuation.

The Enhanced In Situ Biodenitrification (EISBD) document addresses nitrate-contaminated groundwater, associated with environmental and health problems and an emerging technology for remediating and protecting public and domestic supply wells.

The In Situ Bioremediation (ISB) documents address the systematic characterization, evaluation, and appropriate design and testing of ISB for biotreatable contaminants.

The Passive Samplers documents address the use of polyethylene diffusion bags for passive groundwater sampling, particularly for long-term monitoring.

The Perchlorate documents address water and soil contamination by perchlorate and the selection and implementation of remedial technologies.

The Remediation Process Optimization (RPO) documents address how to conduct a technical and programmatic assessment of cleanup system performance and effectiveness to achieve a timely site closeout. An RPO review looks at all processes affecting cleanup effectiveness: cleanup systems, established cleanup levels, established procedures to verify attainment of cleanup goals, and readiness to support a five-year review or any other part of a regulation-mandated process. Other topics that are addressed are life-cycle cost analysis; exit strategies; above ground treatment technologies; data management, analysis, and visualization techniques; and performance-based management.

The Policy documents address activities, including performance-based contracting, that could encourage development and deployment of innovative technologies and enhancements to voluntary cleanup/Brownfields programs.

The Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) documents provide a comprehensive resource for design and implementation of PRBs. A PRB is an in situ permeable treatment zone designed to intercept and remediate a contaminant groundwater plume. The newest technology update document incorporates elements from previous documents and provides updates on additional types of reactive media, treatable contaminants, longevity issues, and new construction/installation approaches and technologies.

The PFAS documents provide technical resources for addressing environmental releases of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS). They include fact sheets to summarize the latest science and emerging technologies for PFAS. Fact sheet users should visit the PFAS Fact Sheets page to access the current version of the files.

The Metals in Soils documents address soil washing and the emerging technologies of phytoremediation, electrokinetics, and in situ stabilization and inactivation.

The Phytotechnologies document provides practical information on the process and protocol for selecting and applying various phytotechnologies to remediate contaminated soil, groundwater, surface water, and sediments.

The Plasma Technologies document addresses plasma technologies to treat, remediate, or recycle waste materials and pathways for regulatory approval.

The Policy documents address activities, including performance-based contracting, that could encourage development and deployment of innovative technologies and enhancements to voluntary cleanup/Brownfields programs.

The Radionuclides documents address characterizing radioactively contaminated sites, cleanup goals, decontamination and decommissioning, and long-term stewardship.

The Attenuation Processes for Metals and Radionuclides document facilitates implementation of the new EPA guidance for monitored natural attenuation (MNA) of metals and radionuclides with a framework providing a consistent basis for states, stakeholders, federal agencies, and site owners to evaluate and implement attenuation-based remedies.

The Metals in Soils documents address soil washing and the emerging technologies of phytoremediation, electrokinetics, and in situ stabilization and inactivation.

The Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) documents provide a comprehensive resource for design and implementation of PRBs. A PRB is an in situ permeable treatment zone designed to intercept and remediate a contaminant groundwater plume. The newest technology update document incorporates elements from previous documents and provides updates on additional types of reactive media, treatable contaminants, longevity issues, and new construction/installation approaches and technologies.

At complex sites, remediation progress is uncertain and remediation is not anticipated to achieve closure or even long-term management within a reasonable time frame. Both technical and nontechnical challenges can impede remediation. The Remediation Management of Complex Sites web-based document provides readers with practical steps to manage the remediation process at complex sites, despite this uncertainty. A holistic process for remediation management, termed “adaptive site management” is recommended. Using this guidance can improve decision making and remediation management. The guidance is intended to benefit a variety of site decision makers, including regulators, responsible parties and their consultants, and public and tribal stakeholders.

The Geospatial Analysis for Optimization at Environmental Sites document provides information about using geospatial methods in all project life cycle stages: release detection, site characterization, remediation, monitoring and closure. The document provides a needed resource to state regulators, practitioners and stakeholders about using geospatial analysis to support decisions on optimization.

The Remediation Process Optimization (RPO) documents address how to conduct a technical and programmatic assessment of cleanup system performance and effectiveness to achieve a timely site closeout. An RPO review looks at all processes affecting cleanup effectiveness: cleanup systems, established cleanup levels, established procedures to verify attainment of cleanup goals, and readiness to support a five-year review or any other part of a regulation-mandated process. Other topics that are addressed are life-cycle cost analysis; exit strategies; above ground treatment technologies; data management, analysis, and visualization techniques; and performance-based management.

The Remediation Risk Management documents address the process for managing uncontrollable project activities or circumstances that may result in negative consequences to remediation system performance. Managing remedy performance risk should be an integral part of a remediation program’s overall management. Remediation Risk Management is recognized as a vital integrated program management tool that cuts across the entire program, addressing and interrelating cost, schedule, and performance/operational risks.

Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soil provides guidance on how to integrate bioavailability information into the human health risk assessment to improve the decision-making process.

The Risk documents address the use of risk assessment and risk-related practices by regulatory agencies in managing and making decisions about contaminated sites.

The Bioavailability of Contaminated Sediments web-based document describes when and how to assess bioavailability at contaminated sediment sites during the exposure assessment process.

Remediation of contaminated sediments commonly targets the complimentary goals of protecting human health and the environment and restoring impaired environmental resources to beneficial use. Although the selection and implementation of sediment remedies can be straightforward for simple sites, many contaminated sediment sites are challenging from a technical and risk-management perspective. This guidance document offers a remedy selection framework to help project managers evaluate remedial technologies and develop remedial alternatives (often composed of multiple technologies) based on site-specific data. General categories of contaminated sediment remedial technologies covered in this guidance document include monitored natural recovery (MNR) and enhanced monitored natural recovery (EMNR); in situ treatment; capping (conventional and amended); and removal (dredging and excavation).

The Accelerated Site Characterization documents address protocols and standards for innovative environmental site characterization processes.

The Bioavailability of Contaminated Sediments web-based document describes when and how to assess bioavailability at contaminated sediment sites during the exposure assessment process.

The Dense, Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (DNAPLs) documents provide guidance on characterizing, remediating, and monitoring DNAPL source zones.

The Direct-Push Wells document provides guidance concerning the use of direct-push wells for long-term environmental monitoring.

The Environmental Molecular Diagnostics (EMDs) documents provide information about a selection of EMDs. EMDs provide additional lines of evidence for decision making during contaminated site management.

The Incremental Sampling Methodology (ISM) web-based document describes the principles and the approaches needed to ensure representative, reproducible, and defensible data during soil sampling. ISM involves planning, sample collection, and laboratory processing and analysis to provide a representative sample with results that more accurately reflect the mean concentration of the area of interest than discrete samples. The ISM document provides you the key principles regarding sampling and sampling error and how ISM reduces those errors so that you can have more confidence in your sampling results.

The Mass Flux document summarizes the concepts underlying mass flux and discharge, their potential applications, and case studies of the uses of these metrics.

The Passive Samplers documents address the use of polyethylene diffusion bags for passive groundwater sampling, particularly for long-term monitoring.

The Radionuclides documents address characterizing radioactively contaminated sites, cleanup goals, decontamination and decommissioning, and long-term stewardship.

The Remediation Process Optimization (RPO) documents address how to conduct a technical and programmatic assessment of cleanup system performance and effectiveness to achieve a timely site closeout. An RPO review looks at all processes affecting cleanup effectiveness: cleanup systems, established cleanup levels, established procedures to verify attainment of cleanup goals, and readiness to support a five-year review or any other part of a regulation-mandated process. Other topics that are addressed are life-cycle cost analysis; exit strategies; above ground treatment technologies; data management, analysis, and visualization techniques; and performance-based management.

The Triad Approach documents provide guidance on how to use the Triad approach to conduct environmental clean up work in a way that increases effectiveness and improves quality, while reducing project costs.

The Vapor Intrusion documents address investigating and evaluating the vapor intrusion pathway, including data evaluation and mitigation approaches.

The Small Arms Firing Range documents address strategies for removing the threat that metal contamination presents at closed small arms firing ranges and developing, using, and monitoring environmental management plans at active ranges.

The Solidification/Stabilization (S/S) document supports the use of S/S technologies for the on-site treatment of contaminated soil, sediment, sludge, and waste. S/S remedies are designed to reduce the flux of contamination that leaches from a contaminant source to within acceptable parameters set forth in a site-specific remediation goal.

This guidance is intended to provide a nation-wide perspective on the challenges facing the stormwater industry in evaluating the performance of post-construction Best Management Practices (BMPs) throughout a project lifecycle. The guidance describes historic, existing and developing post-construction BMP performance verification and certification programs, and captures existing program data in a new BMP screening tool to assist users during the design of a project.

The Thermal Desorption documents describe technical requirements for treating a mix of contaminants in solid media through volatilization.

Presents the current science for evaluating TPH risk at petroleum-contaminated sites to assist decision makers in developing and implementing a technically defensible approach.

The Triad Approach documents provide guidance on how to use the Triad approach to conduct environmental clean up work in a way that increases effectiveness and improves quality, while reducing project costs.

The Vapor Intrusion documents address investigating and evaluating the vapor intrusion pathway, including data evaluation and mitigation approaches.

The Brownfields documents provide overviews of vapor intrusion issues; incentives and tools used to accelerate the cleanup and reuse of Brownfield and BRAC sites; and the various available systems and programs that track, monitor, and/or inform about land use controls.

Petroleum vapor intrusion (PVI) is a subset of vapor intrusion (VI) and is the process by which volatile petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) released as vapors from light nonaqueous phase liquids (LNAPL), petroleum-contaminated soils, or petroleum-contaminated groundwater migrate through the vadose zone and into overlying buildings. Fortunately, in the case of PHC vapors, this migration is often limited by microorganisms that are normally present in soil. The organisms consume these chemicals, reducing them to nontoxic end products through the process of biodegradation. The extent and rate to which this natural biodegradation process occurs is strongly influenced by the concentration of the vapor source, the distance the vapors must travel through soil from the source to potential receptors, and the presence of oxygen (O2) in the subsurface environment between the source and potential receptors.

The Verification document presents a matrix of data requirements for a technology verification process to enhance states’ confidence in technology verification and demonstration results.

The Wetlands documents provide guidance on characterizing, designing, constructing, and monitoring compensatory mitigation wetlands and constructed treatment wetland systems.